[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":257},["ShallowReactive",2],{"application-notes":3},[4,219],{"id":5,"title":6,"body":7,"date":204,"description":205,"draft":206,"extension":207,"image":60,"meta":208,"navigation":209,"path":210,"seo":211,"status":212,"stem":213,"tags":214,"__hash__":218},"applications/applications/autonomous-kinetic-screening.md","Autonomous Kinetic Screening",{"type":8,"value":9,"toc":194},"minimark",[10,15,19,22,25,29,37,44,47,51,54,61,64,68,71,76,79,85,91,97,101,181,184,188,191],[11,12,14],"h2",{"id":13},"the-challenge","The challenge",[16,17,18],"p",{},"Kinetic screening campaigns involve a lot of repetitive legwork. You load your compounds, configure concentrations, run single-point injections, review the traces, decide which ones look like real binders, then go back and set up multi-concentration experiments for every hit. The science isn't hard — but the process is tedious, and every manual step introduces variability.",[16,20,21],{},"We wanted to demonstrate what happens when you just tell the instrument what you're looking for and let it handle the rest.",[16,23,24],{},"(Yes, we know CAII is almost obligatory at this point but it helps demonstrate whats possible)",[11,26,28],{"id":27},"what-we-ran","What we ran",[16,30,31,32,36],{},"We set up a straightforward screen: 24 small-molecule compounds against a single target protein (carbonic anhydrase II), in standard running buffer (1X HBS-EP + 2% DMSO). One rack of compound stocks, one empty plate for the device to use for dilutions, and a simple instruction: ",[33,34,35],"em",{},"find the binders and characterize them",".",[38,39,41],"callout",{"type":40},"info",[16,42,43],{},"The entire experiment — from conditioning the sensor through final kinetic characterization — was executed as a single automated command graph. No pause for manual hit selection. The device made every liquid handling and analytical decision on its own.",[16,45,46],{},"The interaction sequence was kept deliberately simple: 30 s baseline, 60 s association, 180 s dissociation, with a buffer blank after each unique analyte. Nothing exotic — this is a standard kinetic screen. The difference is what happened after.",[11,48,50],{"id":49},"primary-screen","Primary screen",[16,52,53],{},"SPRneo injected all 24 compounds at a single concentration and evaluated the responses in real time. Hits were identified automatically based on two criteria: the signal had to be stoichiometrically relevant (above 10% of theoretical maximum response) and the binding curve had to pass basic quality checks.",[16,55,56],{},[57,58],"img",{"alt":59,"src":60},"Primary screen sensorgrams showing hit classification","/images/products/data-screening.png",[16,62,63],{},"Three compounds cleared both thresholds: 1,3-benzenedisulfonamide, 4-carboxybenzenesulfonamide, and sulpiride.",[11,65,67],{"id":66},"autonomous-hit-follow-up","Autonomous hit follow-up",[16,69,70],{},"Without stopping, the device took each confirmed hit and prepared a full multi-concentration kinetic series — 6-point, 3-fold serial dilutions, prepared on-the-fly from the 100 uM stock solutions. No pre-plated dilution series. No operator intervention. The runtime decided the starting concentrations, prepared the samples, and ran the experiments back-to-back.",[38,72,73],{"type":40},[16,74,75],{},"Concentrations were automatically selected to bracket the estimated KD from the single-point screen. The device chose 45 uM starting concentrations for benzenedisulfonamide and carboxybenzenesulfonamide, and 100 uM for sulpiride — adapting to each compound's apparent affinity.",[16,77,78],{},"All three hits were characterized at 25 degrees C on 2150 RU of immobilized CAII. The resulting sensorgrams were globally fit to a 1:1 binding model.",[16,80,81],{},[57,82],{"alt":83,"src":84},"1,3-Benzenedisulfonamide kinetic characterization","/images/products/data-hit-benzenedisulfonamide.png",[16,86,87],{},[57,88],{"alt":89,"src":90},"4-Carboxybenzenesulfonamide kinetic characterization","/images/products/data-hit-carboxybenzenesulfonamide.png",[16,92,93],{},[57,94],{"alt":95,"src":96},"Sulpiride kinetic characterization","/images/products/data-hit-sulpiride.png",[11,98,100],{"id":99},"results","Results",[102,103,104,126],"table",{},[105,106,107],"thead",{},[108,109,110,114,117,120,123],"tr",{},[111,112,113],"th",{},"Compound",[111,115,116],{},"ka (M-1 s-1)",[111,118,119],{},"kd (s-1)",[111,121,122],{},"KD (M)",[111,124,125],{},"RMax (RU)",[127,128,129,147,164],"tbody",{},[108,130,131,135,138,141,144],{},[132,133,134],"td",{},"1,3-Benzenedisulfonamide",[132,136,137],{},"1.8 E5",[132,139,140],{},"1.2 E-1",[132,142,143],{},"6.3 E-7",[132,145,146],{},"9.2",[108,148,149,152,155,158,161],{},[132,150,151],{},"4-Carboxybenzenesulfonamide",[132,153,154],{},"2.2 E4",[132,156,157],{},"3.7 E-2",[132,159,160],{},"1.7 E-6",[132,162,163],{},"7.8",[108,165,166,169,172,175,178],{},[132,167,168],{},"Sulpiride",[132,170,171],{},"7.6 E3",[132,173,174],{},"2.7 E-1",[132,176,177],{},"3.6 E-5",[132,179,180],{},"20.1",[16,182,183],{},"The affinities span nearly two orders of magnitude — from the tight-binding benzenedisulfonamide (630 nM) down to the weak sulpiride interaction (36 uM). All three are well-characterized CAII binders in the literature, and the measured values are consistent with published data.",[11,185,187],{"id":186},"what-the-device-handled","What the device handled",[16,189,190],{},"The point of this experiment wasn't the science — CAII binding is well understood. It was to show how much of the operational burden the instrument can take on. The hit criteria, the dilution strategy, the concentration bracketing, the liquid handling — all handled by the runtime automation. You describe the experiment you want, and the device does the legwork to get you there reproducibly.",[16,192,193],{},"The screening criteria used here were deliberately simple: signal level and fit quality. But the system supports additional filters — ligand efficiency thresholds, non-stoichiometric binding flags, and counter-screening against multiple control surfaces or target variants. For a real discovery campaign, you would layer these on to reduce false positives before committing to full characterization.",{"title":195,"searchDepth":196,"depth":196,"links":197},"",2,[198,199,200,201,202,203],{"id":13,"depth":196,"text":14},{"id":27,"depth":196,"text":28},{"id":49,"depth":196,"text":50},{"id":66,"depth":196,"text":67},{"id":99,"depth":196,"text":100},{"id":186,"depth":196,"text":187},"2026-04-01","24 compounds screened against a single target protein. Hits validated by signal and fit quality, then automatically progressed to multi-concentration kinetics — no manual intervention required.",false,"md",{},true,"/applications/autonomous-kinetic-screening",{"title":6,"description":205},"available","applications/autonomous-kinetic-screening",[215,216,217],"kinetics","screening","automation","r1_uLaJeJrPKfFmXzyvry-kl8yuCTBHZv3bUfJHjN-M",{"id":220,"title":221,"body":222,"date":204,"description":247,"draft":206,"extension":207,"image":248,"meta":249,"navigation":209,"path":250,"seo":251,"status":212,"stem":252,"tags":253,"__hash__":256},"applications/applications/small-molecule-kinetic-characterization.md","Small Molecule Kinetic Characterization",{"type":8,"value":223,"toc":241},[224,228,231,235,237],[11,225,227],{"id":226},"overview","Overview",[16,229,230],{},"Placeholder -- Adam to provide content from original website.",[11,232,234],{"id":233},"experimental-setup","Experimental Setup",[11,236,100],{"id":99},[11,238,240],{"id":239},"summary","Summary",{"title":195,"searchDepth":196,"depth":196,"links":242},[243,244,245,246],{"id":226,"depth":196,"text":227},{"id":233,"depth":196,"text":234},{"id":99,"depth":196,"text":100},{"id":239,"depth":196,"text":240},"Device-prepared 6-point 3-fold serial dilutions from stock solutions. Concentrations automatically selected to bracket KD. Full kinetic fit with ka, kd, and KD.","/images/products/data-kinetic-1.png",{},"/applications/small-molecule-kinetic-characterization",{"title":221,"description":247},"applications/small-molecule-kinetic-characterization",[215,254,255],"small-molecule","characterization","_QyWrTKTCRIjCXTAxYEoGgC-hypypikfBBURYfo8SZU",1776309834003]